Am I the only one confused about how in the hell a
hardware failure has
anything to do with what operating system a computer is running?
Cgnahc, even though something physically burned out on you computer, it might just be a single component that can be replaced. For example, if the damage was isolated to your power supply, you can probably just replace your PSU and get the computer back up.
In terms of your data, that is likely all still intact. Once you fix whatever the issue was or move the hard drives to another computer, you can retrieve your data again. If you have a spare computer lying around and are familiar with computer components, you can figure out what died and replace that piece of hardware. If you're not familiar with working on computers, find a geek friend to help.
Best of luck with the computer issues.